1 00:00:00,580 --> 00:00:04,170 Sal: This is Sal here, and I have Dr. David Agus visiting the office, 2 00:00:04,170 --> 00:00:08,848 and I want you to introduce yourself, because you have kind of an interesting life. 3 00:00:08,848 --> 00:00:13,082 Dr.: "Interesting Life," is scary, but I'm a Professor of Medicine and Engineering 4 00:00:13,082 --> 00:00:15,559 at the University of Southern California. 5 00:00:15,559 --> 00:00:19,316 I treat cancer patients and I have a lab that looks at new ways 6 00:00:19,316 --> 00:00:21,847 and technologies to understand, and treat cancer. 7 00:00:21,847 --> 00:00:25,697 Sal: And that's what's really interesting- the fact that you're a professor of both medicine and engineering. 8 00:00:25,697 --> 00:00:27,597 And I guess that's kinda what we're gonna touch on a little bit here. 9 00:00:27,597 --> 00:00:28,415 Dr.: Yeah. 10 00:00:28,415 --> 00:00:32,111 Sal: And so, this is clearly a picture of eggs. Why are we looking at eggs? 11 00:00:32,111 --> 00:00:37,221 Dr.: Well, if I gave you those eggs, and I put them in your office, and I say "Come back in three weeks", 12 00:00:37,221 --> 00:00:38,337 what would you have? 13 00:00:38,337 --> 00:00:43,433 Sal: If I . . . they would go bad. I'm not putting one in a fridge, I'm assuming. 14 00:00:43,433 --> 00:00:45,886 Dr.: You have a rotten egg, exactly. 15 00:00:45,886 --> 00:00:52,062 But, If I was clever and I changed the temperature of your office to 99.5 degrees Fahrenheit 16 00:00:52,062 --> 00:00:56,190 and I rotated those eggs three times, it has to be an odd number, 17 00:00:56,190 --> 00:00:58,572 and at the end of three weeks, I'd have a chicken. 18 00:00:58,572 --> 00:01:01,986 Sal: And a chick, you'd have this, 19 00:01:01,986 --> 00:01:07,268 so, you could either have a rotten egg, so this kind of crazy-mess-smelly-thing; 20 00:01:07,268 --> 00:01:10,088 or you have this cute, adorable, chicken. 21 00:01:10,088 --> 00:01:12,333 Well, though, they call babies "chicks". 22 00:01:12,333 --> 00:01:14,828 Chicks. A babe-oo, uh, a chick. laugh 23 00:01:14,843 --> 00:01:21,247 Dr.: Yes, so a small change in temperature and gravity goes from chaos to order. 24 00:01:21,247 --> 00:01:22,298 Sal: Right, right. 25 00:01:22,298 --> 00:01:27,336 And so, we're going to talk in a minute about cancer and all the chaos that's involved with it, 26 00:01:27,336 --> 00:01:31,596 but realize that, that egg, I changed the temperature and the gravity, 27 00:01:31,596 --> 00:01:33,308 and I went from chaos to order. 28 00:01:33,308 --> 00:01:37,620 so, while it will seem incomprehensible and unable to model cancer, 29 00:01:37,620 --> 00:01:41,449 you're going to start to see little changes can have major effects. 30 00:01:41,449 --> 00:01:45,228 Sal: I see. And this is what's a little bit un-intuitive. So when we think about things like cancer, 31 00:01:45,228 --> 00:01:51,220 I mean cancer's not the only one, we imagine that we just kinda kill it. 32 00:01:51,220 --> 00:01:54,614 We just gotta take it out, but what you're saying is that, "Hey, maybe there's these subtle things, 33 00:01:54,614 --> 00:01:59,687 that's analogous to rotating an egg, 3 times, and to get the temperature just right, 34 00:01:59,748 --> 00:02:02,459 that can make it automatically do different things 35 00:02:02,475 --> 00:02:04,998 Exactly. To me, cancer is a verb, not a noun. 36 00:02:05,091 --> 00:02:08,039 So, you're cancering... 37 00:02:08,039 --> 00:02:12,005 ..when you have cancer. It's not that you have cancer, you're cancering. 38 00:02:12,005 --> 00:02:18,052 So, my goal is to change your state of your body from a cancering to a healthing. 39 00:02:18,068 --> 00:02:22,323 and so the fisrt question is - how do you quantitate the state? How do we say 40 00:02:22,323 --> 00:02:23,653 who and what you are? 41 00:02:23,653 --> 00:02:28,111 And so, technology is giving us the opportunity to do that as we go forward. 42 00:02:28,111 --> 00:02:30,989 Right, I just get my head around that because that's just, you know, 43 00:02:30,989 --> 00:02:35,293 word cancering, I think, you've probably invented that word, and so healthing 44 00:02:35,293 --> 00:02:40,615 and it's from the idea - once again, when I imagine cancer, and I think it's the way most researchers think about cancer 45 00:02:40,615 --> 00:02:43,139 ????????????????? 46 00:02:43,139 --> 00:02:46,863 and you have to remove them or kill them somehow, stop them from spreading 47 00:02:46,863 --> 00:02:51,708 and what you're saying is not that something is going on systemically in your body 48 00:02:51,708 --> 00:02:54,544 that it's cancering it's allowing cancer to thrive. 49 00:02:54,605 --> 00:02:59,580 That's it. Your first definiton - you something have to cut out , the different organism 50 00:02:59,580 --> 00:03:02,212 That's bacteria. That's an infection. 51 00:03:02,212 --> 00:03:06,042 Something from the oustide comes inside of you 52 00:03:06,089 --> 00:03:10,994 I give you the right antibiotic - it doesn't care if you are a man or a woman, you're six feet or three feet. 53 00:03:10,994 --> 00:03:14,143 If that antibiotic targets the bacteria, it goes away. 54 00:03:14,143 --> 00:03:18,264 The difference in cancer it's your own cells that have gone a little bit crazy 55 00:03:18,264 --> 00:03:23,991 a so we have to change the interaction of the body and the cells and order to make the patient better. 56 00:03:23,991 --> 00:03:27,991 Very different that something without, this is within.