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Let's go little bit into how we can tell whether our body is processing glucose properly

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And whether or maybe we have diabetes

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And I want you all to take all of this with a huge grain of salt

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because I am not a doctor, this is not medical advice

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My goal here is to kind of just explore this subject with you

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and try for all of us to get a better understanding of things

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So let's think about what might happen after we have a meal

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So we draw a little chart over here

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So let's call this "hours"

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And then on the vertical axis, I'm going to talk about our concentration of sugar in the blood

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--so "blood sugar concentration"

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sugar--actually you can call it "glucose concentration"

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"blood sugar", we are talking about glucose

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So let me draw a couple of points on this chart

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So maybe this is 50, and our unit is going to be milligrams per decilitre (mg/dL)

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Actually let me just do it this way, let me just say that everything is in milligram per decilitre

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and we will talk in future videos about how we can relate this unit to everyday terms

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But let's say that this right here is 50, this right here is 100

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this right here is 150, and let's mark it right here at 200

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So let's think about what will happen for a normal person

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Let me mark some hours over here

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so hour 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; that's probably good enough

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So the normal person, when they haven't eaten anything for a long time, let's say greater than 8 hours

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So their fasting blood sugar, will be right around 80 mg/dL, give or take a little bit

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There's a range around that, but I just want to show you what would happen to a normal person

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So 80 mg/dL, their blood sugar should hopefully be right around there

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And sometimes this fasting blood sugar, maybe we are assuming this is in the morning

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maybe this hour 1 is 7am, so they haven't eaten for a while

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that's fasting blood sugar

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This is also, you'll hear in, sometimes your doctor

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I heard my wife say this word without knowing what it meant

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they sometimes say "preprandial"

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Which is a very fancy word, which just means "before a meal"

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"preprandial" is literally "before eating"

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After the meal, you'll talking "postprandial"

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A very fancy word, for a very simple idea, eating

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So let's say at hour 2, this individual eats breakfast

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So this is when the individual is going to eat breakfast

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Now a normal person, when the person eats breakfast there'll be some carbohydrates in that breakfast

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And it will be broken down into glucose, and glucose will enter the blood stream

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And so their blood glucose will go up

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it will slowly go up

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And I was reading some studies, they say it kind of spikes 45 minutes into a meal

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So let's see, 45 min is over there

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so maybe it will go up to about there

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And in a normal individual, the blood glucose level really shouldn't go above 120 mg/dL

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And you know, there's obviously exceptions to all of these

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we're just kind of saying that the normal breakfast, the normal person

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not, you know, they're not eating a pint of honey, doing something crazy

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Let's say 120 would be right around there

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A normal person, you wouldn't, someone who does not have diabetes

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it'll be unlikely that it'll go above that

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And actually about after 2 hours, they're getting pretty close to normal

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they're getting back under 100 mg/dL

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And then you go beyond 2 hours, they just kind of get close back to their baseline

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to the 80 mg/dL

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So once again, this is normal

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and of course, don't freak out if you were to take a blood test one morning and you're like 85 mg/dL

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you're still not far off from normal, so obviously there's some variation from person to person

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Now, if someone has diabetes, if either they have Type I, they don't have enough insulin

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to actually process the glucose

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or, if they have enough insulin, but their body is desensitised

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the insulin is not being processed, so they can't process the glucose

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We'll see that the glucose concentration will go up

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And so in general, if you were to wake up one morning after not having eaten for more than 8 hours

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and you were to prick your finger with little glucose monitors you can get at the drug store

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And in your finger, the blood sugar levels, if you're to find them to be

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let's say you're to find them to be at 140 mg/dL

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it's a good indication, you shouldn't freak out, you should do multiple tests

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and make sure that it wasn't a false reading or any of that

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And you should definitely see a doctor

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Once again, don't take this as any type of medical advice

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that is not the purpose of this. The purpose of this is to understand a little bit of what's going on

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Don't change your lifestyle based on any thing I tell you

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Alright, but if you do experience that, it looks like, at least just from that one data point

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that your body is not processing sugar properly

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because you had over 8 hours to process the sugar

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for insulin to go into your blood steam, and allow glucose to be taken up

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and get back down to normal level

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but it still hasn't gone there

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So if you were to test a value like that, you should be concerned.

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In general, the threshold--I've seen multiple thresholds here--

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are between--I've seen high, and kind of middle one--120-130 mg/dL

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So you're fasting, blood sugar is around this line right here

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remember, the fasting blood sugar, not after you've eaten

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Preprendial, before meal

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if it is above that threshold right over there, then you should definitely at least see a doctor

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and make sure they can see if you have diabetes

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but this will be cause for concern

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Another thing is that after a meal it spikes well beyond that

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if we're talking it gets above 180

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you know, once again, these are just thresholds that, you know, doctors have come up with

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and researchers have come up with

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and say, "hey this is a good indication that somehow you're not processing glucose properly"

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so 180, 180 is up here, I'm drawing this is a squiggly line 'cause it's kind of a range

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you know, it's not like if your blood glucose is 124 you're safe

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and all of a sudden 125 you have diabetes

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you know they're not that different from each other, but they have to set up some thesholds

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so that, just to kind of have a threshold I guess

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so if your blood sugar, after eating a meal, were to spike up to 200

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once again, that would be cause for concern

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In general, if someone has diabetes because they're not processing the glucose properly

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their blood glucose might look something like this

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So maybe their fasting glucose is right around 125-130, they can move around

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then they have a meal, that it might spike up

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obviously they can process some of the glucose, otherwise they would die

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but it's not being processed properly

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so the glucose levels don't go down to where they should

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And maybe some glucose gets taken up from the blood

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obviously they're living, so the cells are metabolising something

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but it never gets to the normal 80 mg/dL

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it might settle down back to something in the 120 range, to something like that

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which would be cause for concern

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And in general if you're some place, I've seen the threshold if you're above 100 on a fasting basis

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that's cause for concern, you should maybe adjust your lifestyle

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And if you're above 120-130 after a meal, once again, you should also be slightly worried

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that you might be prediabetic, or you might have some risk of developing diabetes

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So if someone has blood sugar like this, they're probably diabetic

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and if someone has blood sugar like this, they should be worried

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Once again, I'm not a doctor, don't take any of this as an advice

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This is really just our attempt to understand things a little bit better