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I want to clarify some of the terminology I used in the last video.

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But before I do that, let's just make sure that we understand the mechanism of how arteries get blocked.

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So in the last video we talked about these plaques forming, and if this plaque is unstable

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at some point it could rupture. And when it ruptures, this material can flow out into the bloodstream.

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Two things will happen--I want to make it clearer relative to the last video,

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especially since I can zoom in on these arteries--two things can happen:

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Plaques, or I should say, clotting factors can clot these released pieces from the plaque.

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And the other thing that can and will happen--and I didn't talk about this in depth in the last video--

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When this thing ruptures, you can also have blood clots form here.

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Let me just draw this in a reddish color, because you can have blood clots form on the ruptured plaque.

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So, everything: the part of the plaque that hasn't moved can experience clotting,

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and the part of the plaque that is dumped in the bloodstream can also clot.

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And in the last video we saw that one of these clots can go downstream to some point

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where the arteries get narrow enough so that they actually block the arteries.

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And that restricts the blood flow, so all of a sudden you do not have any blood flow going that way,

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and all of the muscle tissue that needs the blood flow from this point,

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that needs oxygen from that, it might die in a mild myocardial infarction, or even a heart attack.

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Now, what I want to clarify is the actual terminology--[the last video] was a little bit "hand wavy"

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with the terminology, and I want to go deeper here.

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This actual clot that forms, that can restrict the blood vessel, this is a thrombus.

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Thrombosis is the process of a thrombus forming.

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So [thrombi] are these blood clots that form, that can help to obstruct a blood vessel.

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So this thrombus right here is going to make it harder for the blood to flow through this vessel.

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Now any of these released pieces or chunks in any of these blood vessels,

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that can float around and eventually lodge themselves in and eventually block the blood flow,

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these are called emboli, or if I use it in the singular, one of these is an embolus.

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I want to be clear, embolus is the general term for anything that can float around in your blood

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and eventually lodge itself at some point in your circulatory system and restrict blood flow.

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What we drew in the last video--and this one as well--these emboli that are also clotted,

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they are also thrombi and emboli at the same time, this would be called a thromboembolus.

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So it would not be wrong to call it an embolus, but in particular if you know it is a thromboembolus,

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you know it is the clotted material from a released plaque that can go lodge itself.

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In the last video I called this a thrombosis but that's really not quite right,

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thrombosis is the formation of the clot that can restrict the blood flow,

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but when it breaks off, becomes an embolus, and lodges itself further off and restricts blood flow,

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this is called a thromboemoblism.

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Hopefully I'm not confusing too much--these medical terms confuse ME a lot--

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but I want to make it very clear, thrombosis is formation of a blood clot inside of a blood vessel

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than can restrict the flow of blood.

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So this right here is thrombosis occurring.

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Once things break off and become an embolus--that's the general term for it--and in particular,

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if it's broken off material that is due to a clot, it is a thromboembolus.

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So, thromboembolus is a more specific way of calling it an embolus,

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and once one of these things lodge themselves and block the blood flow,

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that's a thromboembolism. You can also call it an embolism.

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Just that when you say, "thromboembolism," it specifies it as clotted material.

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Hopefully that clarifies things and doesn't confuse you to much.